The management approach of the Compstat model

The management approach of the Compstat model The police department of New York has integrated the Compstat model, which is a management approach that uses computer technology to follow up crime occurrences and help police officers identify the areas that are most vulnerable to criminal activities. At the same time, the model is useful in examining current crime patterns, and aims at maximizing resources available to the police officers in their fight against crime. According to Vito, Walsh, Kunselman (2004), Compstat (Computerized Statistics) is a goal orientated strategic management process that uses information technology, operational strategy, and managerial accountability to control crime and police neighborhoods, (p.1). There are four main principles of the Compstat model. The first one outlines the need for the police to obtain in good time, correct information on crime occurrences. In this case, police personnel perform crime analysis, that is, they identify the nature of the crime, the offender, the time of offense, and how the offender intends to carry it out. To achieve this, police personnel write reports on a weekly basis, giving statistical information on the arrests and summons they have made during the week, complaints they have received from the public concerning crime, crucial cases and the crime trends they have observed. The head of the Compstat Unit is in charge of receiving the weekly reports and saving them in a database. With the help of these reports, police officers can make comparisons between trends in crime and identify similarities as well as differences, and the most appropriate strategies to address these. The second element requires that the police employ workable strategies based on the intelligence they have, to prevent and solve crimes. In this instance, they identify which crimes and crime zones need quick intervention and make these their priority. At the same time, the police assess the available strategies in terms of their short and long-term effectiveness, as well as involve other groups, which are not necessarily police agencies. For instance, they involve religious, educational institutions, entrepreneurs, local government authorities and the community. The third element prescribes fast mobilization of material, financial and personnel resources to counter the crime patterns. This is because; the model can identify potential crime situations in an area, even before the residents alert the police on their suspicions. The fourth element demands progressive appraisal of police personnel, departments, and material resources in order to ensure that crime trends reduce. Performan ce appraisals are possible through reports that capture the profiles of each commander of police and these enable the other police officers to compare their own performance with that of their heads. With correct implementation, the Compstat approach can aid government authorities to assess police departments and check for the improper use of material and financial resources, as well as poor performance. The other two principles of the Compstat model require that the police operate on clear objectives in their fight against crime and each officer is responsible for the overall success of the police force in reducing crime rates. The members of the police force should be aware of the goals they intend to achieve and these must at the same time, be attainable within the stipulated period. Goals dictate the rating of the performance of police personnel, depending on whether they have achieved them. The chief as well as the commanders of various police agencies therefore have the responsibility of communicating clear and precise instructions to their subjects, in order to ensure that the latter achieve the desired performance. This explains why there is need for regular briefs among the police force in order to equip them with the necessary information on what their leaders expect of them. On a short-term basis, the Compstat model aims at reducing crime rates, while its long-term objective is to create a permanent change in the community and improve peoples lives by ensuring a safe environment. The measures to assess the effectiveness of the model on short-term basis would include examining weekly reports on the crimes occurring, in order to establish whether there are fewer or more offenses each day. Long-term effectiveness measures would involve the analysis of crime trends over a period such as a number of years, in order to establish whether the crime rates have gone down. At the same time, the weekly meetings to review crime reports provide forums to assess whether the police departments are making progress in reducing crime rates. These meetings on performance appraisal of police personnel serve both the immediate and long-term goals of the Compstat model. This is because if appraisals indicate that, some of the members of the force are not successful in reducing crime over a given period, the chief may take action such as re-training, retrenchment, or shifting to another department. The model is advantageous in that it promotes a consultative process in decision-making. It enhances intelligence sharing among the police officers and departments, accountability as well as coordination and a team spirit. This is possible through the meetings involving all levels of management. In addition, seeks to enable the police maximize the available resources in their fight against crime. Moreover, holding every member of the force accountable for its success in fighting crime ensures that each plays his or her role, and that there is no blame game when results are not forthcoming. In addition, ensuring timely and correct information on potential crime zones enables the police to act swiftly to prevent criminal activities. This is because; they are aware of what is happening on the ground. At the same time, they are able to develop the right strategies and response to the crime trends they have already identified. This increases their chances of success rather than in cases where they act after crisis. The Compstat approach to management promotes the belief that the police force is able to lower crime rates through employing the right strategies. Promoting continuous performance appraisal based on weekly reports enables the police force to establish its strengths and weaknesses. Moreover, it allows police to involve the community and other stakeholders in the fight against crime. This shows that the police are not working alone and are committed to ensuring a safe environment for all. On the other hand, the Compstat model has some disadvantages. One limitation of this model is that it is difficult to assess its success. When crime rates reduce, it is hard for police officers to attribute this phenomenon only to the model. On the other hand, when the crime rates stagnate or increase, it is difficult to tell whether failure lies only in the implementation of the models principles. Moreover, the Compstat model is susceptible to manipulation by police officers. For instance, due to pressure to reduce crime rates, they may fail to keep reports of crimes in order to give a false impression of less crime occurrences in a given area. At the same time, police officers may use their subjective judgments to declare some crimes as minor, and therefore of less significance, in order to reduce the statistics on the major crimes. This sort of manipulation of statistics will therefore give a false impression of progress in reduction of significant crimes. Similarly, communities whose crime rate reports show that the police have made progress in averting crimes, will receive less financial, material and personnel resources than those where the crime rates are still high. In case these reports are false, this implies that such communities will suffer more from crime because the police will attend to them less. In addition, since evaluation of the performance of police personnel depends largely on the crime rate reports, members of the force are likely to manipulate these, in order to give a false impression of their success in fighting crime. Consequently, the performance appraisals will be faulty, given that their bases are not accurate. At the same time, there is a possibility of awarding ineffective police personnel, rather than those who deserve merit. This is because the ineffective members can manipulate c rime reports to favor them, and they will get acknowledgment. As part of the implementation of the Compstat model, the chief of police will have to take other measures. These include having the current police force undergo refresher courses on crime prevention and at the same time, recruit, and train new officers in order to have sufficient and qualified personnel to serve the community. Police officers will also require training on the Compstat model in order to understand its functioning and crime analysis so that they are able to filter intelligence in an accurate manner. In this case, the chief will need to seek budgetary support from the government and non-governmental organizations. Apart from monetary aid, the chief will require the government to see to it that unemployment rates reduce through the creation of jobs. This is because crime rates tend to increase with high unemployment rates, as people have to find ways to feed themselves and their families. If they do not have jobs, they are likely to engage in criminal behavior such as th eft and murder in order to earn a living. Another intervention required will be the integration of other police departments, such as traffic police, crime detectives, and forensic experts into the crime prevention department. This will assist in spreading crime prevention to other areas and increase the scope of operation of the model. At the same time, the chief will need to appoint commanders at different levels in order to ensure that there is decentralization of the decision-making process. He will also create meeting rooms to allow for roundtable discussion sessions, as these are more likely to enhance the participation of all the police personnel in decisions concerning strategies to fight crime. Moreover, the chief will have to lay down the protocols that his officers will follow in the convening of briefings and other meetings as well as reporting procedures. This will ensure that there is no conflict in the lines of command because the police officers will be aware of to whom they should report. Since the Compstat model requires the use of technology, the chief will need to see to it that the police department has sufficient computer equipment as well as the necessary software programs such as systems to aid in identifying crime-prone areas, and databases to record crime occurrences. At the same time, a police website may be necessary to enhance community policing. This will enable the flow of information on crime rates from the public to the police, as well as reports from the latter to the community. In addition, the chief will need to ensure that the police officers clear any pending warrants of arrest and make the community aware that the force will not tolerate even the minor crimes. In this case, the chief will need to organize the force to carry out awareness initiatives among themselves and in the community. In conclusion, the chief can still adopt the Compstat model and modify it to suit the needs of his police department. He does not have to copy the model of the New York police department, because the situational needs of his department and that of the former are likely to be different. This is because the approach outlines only the basic principles of management that the police force and other organizations need to follow to achieve the intended objectives. Its intent is to serve as a guide to managerial principles and not to provide a dogmatic approach to the running of organizations. The model is therefore flexible, and police personnel can adopt different strategies to fight crime, based on the needs of the community they are serving. According to the models principles, they will only need to ensure that they choose strategies that are efficient for the crimes they target. Consequently, the model is suitable and can work even in small law enforcement agencies.

Enron And Ethics Essay

Having some detailed written code of ethics like Enron had is usually not enough. Enron had a 64 page code of ethics and incase you might be wondering, the pages were not blank. However, despite this, it went down. The organizations ought to infuse some integrity and ethics in their corporate structure and in their success definition. To be precise, Enron ethics were simply ignored by the management and the employees. In any organization, the functions of any department should be based on ethical values, competence, integrity and a clear accountability of financial matters. Enron totally ignored these functions thus leading to its bankruptcy. As the company’s reputation did grow globally, hence there was competition of the employees therefore leading to individual greed and also the generation of egotism in the company. Every employee wanted to earn more, achieve a lot and hence there was the high motivation by the company to succeed. Such an atmosphere leads to a tendency to distrust people as everybody is concerned with their personal interests. There were so many dealings in the finance section hence the company’s goals were underestimated as well as the business ethics. Therefore it is imperative to give an immense background on Enron’s collapse and various views that can be deducted from its collapse. Enron’s, history, collapse the whistleblowers and conflicts The main issue which led to its downfall lay comfortably in the department of the operations management. At one time the company was receiving lots of praises from outsiders and then it was mounted with a decentralized control in the finance sector and also their decision structure gave an unclear and illogical picture on the activities of the company and its operations. Enron Corporation was one of the largest companies in Houston, Texas which used to sell natural gas, electricity and also distributed energy. It also offered other services for example bandwidth interest connections as well as offering financial services and providing management of risk services globally. The company gradually became powerful due to its initiative marketing strategies as well as the endorsement of communications and power bandwidth services and the offshoots of risk management. All these services got supervised by the department of operations management and other departments. Though the functions of these departments were executive in their nature, there was however lack of responsibility, integrity, control and creativity. The absence of these vital ethics did lead to the entire bankruptcy of the whole company. Kenneth lay who died three months before he was to be finally sentenced was the founder of Enron in the year 1985. He initiated the electricity sale and then afterwards US congress did pass legislation on the deregulation of natural gas. Enron before its collapse could report some annual revenues in the year 1990 of $ 10 billion and in the year 2000 to about $ 101 billion (Mark, 2002). In October 2, 2002, early in the morning, Andrew, Fastow who was Enron’s former chief and the financial officer did voluntarily surrender to the FBI agents and was led in hand cuffs to the car trailed by the television cameras and reporters. He was later taken to federal house and was charged with mail fraud, securities fraud, conspiracy, and money laundering. He was sentenced for ten years (Loren, 2003). In the 1990s, Enron was a universal lauded company that did transform all the old businesses and started creating new ones. However, the criminal complains did cap disclosures and revealed that it was poorly managed and had amplified its reliance on some convoluted business ordeals in order to maintain growth objectives and encourage some unbridled ingenuity that resulted to fraud. It is patent that the company had some poor internal controls and unreliable top managers. Enron came crushing in 2001 and filed for what could have been termed as the nation’s vast bankruptcy. What were the main causes of its down fall? First the financial statements of Enron were not transparent and did not give a clear detail on the finances and operations with analysts and shareholders. Second it had a complex business model that actually stretched on the accounting limits thus required the company to use the limitations of accounting in order to manage on its earnings as well as modify on its balance sheet to limelight a constructive depiction of its whole performance. It is completely patent in the Enron movie; these scandals had grown tremendously out of some steady accumulation of the values. Habits and actions that had already began many years before later going out of control. The top managers who were the whistleblowers like Jeffrey Skilling who was the chairman and Andrew Fastow contributed to the downfall. The auditor, Arthur Andersen, also got accused of reckless application standards in the audits out of conflict of interest over the vital consultancy fees that had been generated by this company. Finally, in November 28, of 2001, Enron was declared bankrupt. The company lost confidence in its investors and at the end had very little cash to run business and satisfy some hefty debts. Trade secrets and privacy in Enron Trade secret is by definition any information that the company keeps as a secret in order to offer them an advantage over other competitors. Basically Enron was a multi billion dollar company that had assets that were far flung that did rival those of other companies and countries thus there had to be some information on their weakness in order to bring them down that was unknown to some average citizens. According to Debka, the first hidden weakness of Enron was based on finance which could have made the competitors destroy the company fast. Enron hid hefty blocks of liabilities from investment company’s eyes through creation of shell companies to which they were basically shuffling debts. Since the outside companies had no tie to this company, there is no one in the investment community who realized how immensely in debt Enron was and how it was affecting on its pictures of profitability. The Enron executives knew that if this information if it was made public then the investors would end up selling their stock. Enron basically had to hide some hefty liabilities in their shell company to show the investors that they were still at a profit. The second weakness it had was the fact that it held some contracts on foreign soil thus depending on those countries to pay all their bills according to the agreement. All the conflicts of interest of this company were finally not solved as they accumulated and led to bankruptcy. All this later led to court cases where the convicts were sentenced. All this shows there was some extent of privacy. Kenneth lay already knew that Enron was undergoing some financial trauma but still went ahead to lie to the shareholders and the investors that the company was at its best shape. They kept their financial crisis a secret. Honesty and Enron The moral demand of transparency as well as honesty is the foundational principle in investing in the free markets. Any decision of any corporation to ignore some moral demands that are based on transparency and honesty in their financial arrangements should never be used like an excuse to smother the spirit of the entrepreneurial in aggressive situations (Philip, 2001). Analysts and the commentators analyzed on the hinge matter that led to the down fall of Enron. It is lucid that the demise of Enron did not lie in the deregulation of electric power but in some questionable practices of accounting by the company. Thus we can denote that honesty which is an ethical principal was not curtailed. Despite their higher earnings, in 2001 Jeffrey Skilling resigned for some disclosed reasons and Enron reported a loss of $ I billion because of poor performance. Despite the angle you look at the whole phenomenon, it is quite clear that there lacked honesty at Enron. In the documentary ‘Enron: the smartest guys in the room’ it depicts on some o the social evils like hubris, greed and lies that did bring Enron down. The film does a tremendous job of digging up a lot of dirty acts where the whistle blowers could tell some plain lies to the government, investors, and employees and make it sound very good. Virtues and Enron Despite the mischievous and questionable deeds by Enron, failing to credit them for some charity work they did will be questioning on our ethics too. Most media reports have reported on some good work that was done by Ken Lay, who is the former Enron’s CEO. With his family he gave generously to the church through the family’s charitable foundation which did hold over $ 50, 000,000 of all Enron stock in the year 2000 (Tim, 2010). Enron made some sufficient donations to the legitimate charities. (Francis, 2002). Utilitarianism and Enron Some theories and principles can be used to give an inner analysis on the situation at hand that led to this failure. Utilitarianism theory by John, Stuart Mill, does offer some straightforward method of approach in deciding the morally right action for all situations we find ourselves in. This is a theory that does consider what is good for everybody. To discover what we ought to do, we should identify first the divergent courses of actions that can be performed in the situation and all the future benefits as well as harms that can mount from that. Utilitarianism states that we should always take the course of actions that offers the most benefits when the costs have already been taken into full account (Manuel et al, 1989). In this case it is patent that utilitarianism concept was never used. The company since it already knew that it was going down to the drains could have come up with a strategy that was rational to save them from the predicament instead of fooling those around it that it was enjoying some benefits. They could have used this theory to look unto the future possibilities and work towards attaining sustainability. They should have been a global responsibility to advance in their financial aspects (Yvon, 2003). Egoism and Enron Unlike Utilitarianism, egoism theory states that individuals should only act to their own best interest and self interest. Egoism is basically not effectual for solving the moral conflicts. In Enron Company most people got away with this theory. Egoism is only based in addressing concerns that are based on satisfying our own desires and getting what we really want (Jelena & Kristijan 2008). The employees at Enron lost their jobs and life savings and the higher executives cashed in millions and received other millions in the bonuses for all the stock inflation thus bringing the company down. There were blatant interest conflicts that were overlooked, members of the board received hefty gifts from executives, millions were spent to discourage oversight and government regulations and warnings from within were ignored (Lawrence, 2002). That is pure egocentrism that should be discouraged in the workplaces.

Purchasing Professional Paper Writing Service

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The Plague Of Europe And Asia - 1165 Words

The fourteen hundreds were a time of turmoil in Europe and Asia for many reasons . It was a time of Panic, disease, political instability, and a decline in the power of the church . Although each of these problems are somewhat unrelated, they all stem from the same source, the Bubonic Plague. The bubonic plague started in Asia, and spread its way into parts of Northern Africa and Europe devastating everything in its path. Not only did the Black Death effect the people of Europe and Asia, it effected their economic, social, and religious lives as well . During the early 1300’s in Asia, a group of Mongols were traveling through southwestern China . Their goal was to invade the entirety of China with their troops. Unknown to them they carried a much more powerful weapon that would weaken China much more than any soldier could. While traveling through the southern part of China, a group of rats infested with a bacterium called, Yersinia Pestis, also known as the Bubonic Plague . The Black Plague started out as just fever, chills, and headaches but could quickly develop into a much more serious disease causing seizures, vomiting, and growths filled with pus and blood . These sores were extremely contagious and helped spread the plague much faster . Once the Mongols had captured a good portion of central China, the disease hit full stride. In areas like Beijing, almost 90% of the population was wiped out due to the Black Plague . Over the course of approximately 70 years, China’sShow MoreRelatedEssay on How the Black Plague Effected Society741 Words   |  3 Pages The plague is a dangerous and deadly disease. The plague is one of the oldest diseases known to the human race. Back when Europe was still in the middle ages all the people including serfs, royalty, jews, and church members were devastated by disease that was unknown to them. The disease spread rapidly through Europe through a variety of means. The plague possesses many names like the black death or the black plague. No matter what the people referred to it as it greatly affected the society inRead MoreThe Plague Of The 19th Century926 Words   |  4 PagesThe plague that struck Europe and Asia in the 14th century was undoubtedly the most devastating disease or natural disaster the world ever faced. The Bubonic Plague or Black Death killed an estimated 25 million people from 1347 to 1352 in Europe, which accounted for one third of Europe’s population.-1 Historians believed that the Plague started in Asia and then spread to Europe . The plague lasted for five devastating years, but it’s wrath did not end in 1352. The Plague would reappear throughRead MoreThe Unstoppable Virus of the Black Plague663 Words   |  3 PagesThe Black Plague started in 1347 CE and ended in 1351 CE. Europe declined dramatically by the spreading of an unstoppable virus sent from central Asia. As the virus spread through towns, villages, and across countries, dead bodies of the victims caught by the virus started to pile and gather. As more bodies began to pileup, they were dumped into pits. (Wilson 438) There were many effects of the Black Plague in Europe. The three most important effects of the Black Plague was 1/3 to 1/2 of theRead MoreThe Economic, Political, and Social Effects of the Black Death1268 Words   |  6 PagesYou probably cannot imagine such an event occurring; it seems unreal. Yet, this very thing happened in the between the years 1347 and 1351 in Europe. This massive destruction of human life was kno wn as the Black Death. This Black Death was an ecological disaster on a global scale. The effects of the plague on human and certain animal populations from East Asia to as far west as Greenland were catastrophic. All facets of society, from peasant to king were affected; no one was safe. All of society wasRead MoreThe Black Death And The Plague Outbreak1331 Words   |  6 Pagesoutbreaks in history was the plague outbreak which peaked in 1346 to 1353, in Europe, commonly known as the Black Death. This plague outbreak was extremely deadly and killed 30-60% of the European population at the time of the outbreak. The outbreak is commonly believed to have been caused by the bubonic plague, but modern evidence suggests that the Black Death was caused by pneumonic plague, a much more contagious and deadly infection. The Black Death was the second major plague outbreak in history, theRead MoreBlack Plague And The Plague1367 Words   |  6 Pagescitizens of Europe. By the 14th century, the plague had wiped out sixty percent of Europe’s population. Because of its devastating fatality rate, The Black Plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in history. The disease was made famous by the outbreak in Europe, however it did not originate there. The origination of the Plague, History of the Plague, Strains and Symptoms, as well as effects of the Plague are essential ideas, important to understand the Black Plague. The Black Plague is saidRead MoreRemembering the Black Death1519 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death was a vicious disease that plagued many medieval people during the 1320s-50s. The plague killed close to 100 million people of the world’s population of 450 million. Its name comes from the blackish color the bacteria would turn various parts of its victim’s skin. During the Black Death, the superstitious cures and preventative measures taken against the plague made the plague even worse for many people. The Black Death, which originated in China, spread throughout most ofRead MoreGenghis Khan And The Mongol Empire1588 Words   |  7 Pages The bubonic plague epidemic of the 1300s led to the destruction of the Mongol Empire by separating many areas in Eurasia from each other and wiping out millions of people. As a result, trade and communication vanished from the Mongol Empire, and it only worsened the political turmoil that was already present in the empire. Even after the destruction of the empire Genghis Khan had formed, many other empires were influenced by the Mongols and tried to incorporate many aspects of the Mongol EmpireRead MoreBubonic Plague1154 Words   |  5 PagesBubonic plague is believed to have brought the Byzantine empire to its knees in the 6th century. This is the first ever documented record of bubonic plague in human history. But the fact that bubonic plague continues to afflict human population even today is a matter of concern. Your bubonic plague r esearch paper would revolve around the premise of it being a deadly disease, but we assure you that we won’t scare you by the facts. Bubonic plague is typically differentiated from other infections becauseRead MoreBlack Plague And The Black Epidemic1337 Words   |  6 PagesBlack Plague The Black Plague outbreak was one of the scariest events in human history. The people were afraid to do everyday activities and carry on with their normal routines. This plague is known to almost every person on Earth. Even as a kid, teachers tell their students about this plague. Even the thought of an outbreak like the Black Plague makes people’s skin crawl. I am included in that category. It has gotten to the point that when any outbreak of any type or kind of disease happens

The Effects of Listening to Music on Physical Performance...

Introduction Music is a very fascinating universal phenomenon. Almost everyone likes some sort of music, whether it be the twang of a country song or the intensity of a German rap. Music has the ability to completely change the mood of a situation. It has extensively been investigated and used as a form of therapy for the mind. Therefore it would be interesting to see if it had any impact on a person’s physical ability as well. Music has been suggested to affect the body’s physiological patterns in many ways. A study done in 2003 (Yamamoto et. al) exemplified the wavering levels of neurotransmitters as the type of music was changed. When the participants listen to slow-rhythm music their plasma levels of norepinephrine decreased,†¦show more content†¦This means that just by the affects of the musical therapy itself, the cranial autonomous activity adjusts itself to bring the brain into a balanced state. Sympathetic and parasympathetic firings are regulated to keep stress-levels and headaches under control. With the physical power of music, it is no wonder why so much research has been done to test its capacity. Many studies have tested music as a motivational factor. When moving around or doing an activity with music in the background, most people will unknowingly start moving to the rhythm. If the music is kept at a fast pace, it can help motivate an individual to keep working at the same tempo (Sariscsany, 1991). This way they may find themselves moving at a faster pace than normal, just to keep up with the music. The purpose of this study was to find whether music could significantly affect an individual’s physical performance, in this case running a mile. Music was hypothesized to have a positive affect on runner’s ability, allowing them to decrease their time. Methods This experiment was carried out by recruiting ten participants; four males and six females. The subjects ranged in ages from 21 to 51 (SD: 12.4) and had a variety of fitness levels but all held some active background. Seven of the participants regularly use music while they work out, while three of them do not. After a detailed description of all testingShow MoreRelatedMusic And Its Effect On Society1080 Words   |  5 PagesMusic can produce many effects, mental and physical, in listeners and participants. Cultures throughout history have recognized these effects and used music for healing, productivity, and socialization. Currently different aspects that affect individuals’ chemistry, development, and performance are being studied. The placebo effect, a common mind over matter concept, will be looked at in its relation to music. The chemistry behind music is not as revolutionary as one might assume. For simplicityRead MoreWhy Do People Listen With Music Before Exercise Or Participating? Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesto music before competing, almost every one of them will reply with a definite yes. Music has its place in sports and brings a certain culture to sports that seems to grow every year. Why do people listen to music before exercise or participating in competition? Does it give athletes an edge? Does it help athletes to focus, or perform better? This is a question that has brought countless research. My personal opinion is yes, it does optimize physical performance as well as mental performance. MostRead MoreThe Flavored Of Music And Exercise1668 Words   |  7 PagesConcoction of Music and Exercise Music has a greater impact in our lives than we realize. Music is everywhere we go and is listened to on a daily basis, which affects us in different ways. Music is incorporated into different aspects of living such as a work environment, sports games, while studying, in the car, or while doing exercise. Incorporating music into exercise has been proven to make exercising in any environment more fun, boost one’s mood, increasing motivation, and varying heart rateRead MoreMusic Is The Reason Why Music1463 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefit of learning music is that it has the ability to change the perspective of the listener. â€Å"Music is not only able to affect your mood -- listening to particularly happy or sad music can even change the way we perceive the world, according to researchers from the University of Groningen† (U of G 1). Music has a way of affecting those who are listening in a certain way, people choosing a song based on how they feel at that very moment. Al though there are many genres of music, they all fall underRead MoreEssay The Relationship Between Music and The Brain1023 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship between music and the brain has always intrigued me; why dose listening to music help ease certain task, things we do everyday like driving, leaning, relaxing or working out. I will analyze music and the effect on the brain, from health to physical and mental training. Music has been around sense the beginning of humans, evolving through by culture and time. Nowadays we have a broad selection of choice, and people prefer different genres for certain activities; for example listening to motivationalRead MoreMusic Therapy And Its Effect On The Levels Of Anxiety And Stress1327 Words   |  6 PagesMusic therapy is the prescribed use of music credited by a profession to effect positive changes of an individual’s cognitive, psychological, physical, and or health problems.1 Music therapy involves interactions between the thera pist, client, and music. There are many different forms of Music therapy, such as, group music therapy, music assisted relaxation, and receptive music therapy. Through musical elements such as rhythm, melody, and harmony the therapist and client can develop a relationshipRead MoreMusic s Influence On Music1610 Words   |  7 PagesPrevious attention from scholarly articles and psychology journals have indicated that listening to classical music can heighten a person’s ability to learn and focus. 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The two primary functions of Varian Magna Agricultural Cooperative Society (EVANS) are procurement of agricultural produce from the farmers marketing it to the amandine, and procurement supply of agricultural inputs to the farmers. The objective is to devise a strategy for EVANS for efficient use of funds with respect to procurement and sale. Criteria Benefit of the farmers should be the top priority while planning the strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Caase study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Financial planning must be done carefully in view of the limited supply of funds. Variation of prices of payday as well as fertilizers during different seasons must be used to the advantage of EVANS. Since the society shares a good relationship with the bank, this must be leveraged to suit required credit facilities. Options We assume that EVANS maintains minimal liquid cash to handle administrative expenses and interest. Some of the relevant options are listed below: Option 1: Option 2: Option 3: Evaluation Option 1 Farmers get sufficient funds to plan long term Losing out on higher margins by selling payday at current price Cost benefit on early arches of fertilizers is marginal Initial cash balance Cash paid to farmers Revenue from payday sales +500000 Fertilizers purchase expense Overheads -35000 ODD Extension Option 2 Cost benefit by postponing payday sales is high Insurance for payday -10000 From reserves Option 3 Farmers get their part of their share on time Cost benefit on early purchase of fertilizers can also be leveraged Credit limit extension translates to higher interest Part payment to farmers -250000 -38000 -298000 Interest -15000 Decision The high cost of storage, labor and equipment and the low savings margin make the early purchase of fertilizers an unattractive option. On the other hand, there would be a significant loss with regard to opportunity cost since we are selling payday at the current price of INNER 5000 per ton. Moreover, a marginal extension of Overdraft limit is required to support operations. The higher margin on payday sales can be leveraged by holding the stock in storage for 6 months. The high overheads of storing fertilizers can be avoided. Since we have sufficient reserves, we can support daily operations with minimal funds. The objective of the Co-operative society is to benefit the farmers over the long run. If the members agree to give up part payment towards procuring fertilizers at the discounted price, they can get the coupled benefits of the higher margins on payday and reduced fertilizer costs. Therefore, we recommend option 3. Action Based on the calculations below, accounting for minimum and maximum possible price of payday in 6 months, we can bring about a substantial reduction in cost per bag of fertilizers. Min Max 630000 750000 Profit margin 130000 250000 (-) Interest Net profit from payday sales 210000 Fertilizer cost 475000 38000 Total Cost 513000 (-) Net profit from payday sales Revised Total Cost of Fertilizers 423000 303000 Revised cost per bag of Fertilizers 222. 63 159. 47 Contingency Since our recommended option requires deferring part payment, the farmers do not receive the entire sale revenue right away. This option also requires the bank to allow an extended overdraft limit to EVANS. In the circumstance, that either or both parties are unwilling to accept this proposal, we recommend option 2 as a backup. How to cite Caase study, Papers

Motivating To Provide Outstanding Service â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Motivating To Provide Outstanding Service? Answer: Introduction The new owner of the Courthouse Hotel is planning to implement a new business strategy for enhancing the quality of the services offered in the hotel. An opportunity is available to the Courthouse Hotel as an announcement has been made by the government regarding the major intergovernmental conference taking place in the city. The Courthouse Hotel is planning to enhance the quality of the services for the purpose of gaining this opportunity and promote the hotel and attract the customers. The government delegation will analyze the quality of the services for deciding the hotel for the major intergovernmental conference. This report will discuss the various issues related to the accommodation department of the hotel. It will also discuss the skills which supervisor will need for conducting operations of the department in a smooth manner. The analysis will be made of the motivational techniques which can be used by the supervisor for enhancing the performance of the team. Issues faced by the supervisors Accommodation department of the Courthouse Hotel is facing few issues which are affecting the quality of the services as well as satisfaction level of the customers of the hotel. These issues related to the accommodation department of the Courthouse Hotel need to be dealt by the supervisor in an effective manner for gaining the opportunity available. These issues include low quality of the accommodation services, lack of room services and lack of staff working in night shifts. Low quality of the accommodation services is an important issue as satisfaction level of the customers is dependent on the quality of the service offered. This issue has affected the standard of the hotel (Zhao Jing, 2009). Another issue is related to the non-availability of room services due to which competitiveness of the hotel is getting affected. Hotels need to ensure that room services are available to the guest for providing quality experience during the period of stay. Courthouse Hotel is not having sta ff for night shift due to which experience of the guest is getting affected (Guttentag, 2015). For gaining a competitive advantage over the others in the industry, the Courthouse hotel needs to focus on improving the services offered by accommodation department. These issues related to the accommodation department of the Courthouse Hotel are affecting the quality of the service at large (Sampson Akyeampong, 2014). Supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel needs to cope with these issues for enhancing the chances of success and expansion. Supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel needs to adopt strategies or measures which will enhance the performance of the accommodation department of the hotel (Sage Publications, 2012). Skills required by the supervisor for operating the department smoothly A supervisor is responsible for the management of the operations of the different departments of the hotel. Accommodation department of the Courthouse Hotel is facing issues related to the quality of the accommodation services, lack of room services and lack of staff for night shifts. The supervisor needs to possess certain skills for the management of the operations of the accommodation department in a proper manner. These skills are listed below: Communication skills: a supervisor needs to communicate with the other employees in a proper manner for the purpose of creating an impact on them. Failure of the operations at the workplace can be due to the lack of proper communication between the supervisor and the employees. Supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel must possess communication skills which will help in sharing information in an effective manner and enhancing the relationship between the supervisor and employees (Aryee, 2011). Managerial skills: a supervisor must possess managerial skills which are required for the management of different operations of the department. Accommodation department of the Courthouse Hotel is facing several issues which are affecting the performance of the hotel. Different jobs need to be managed by the supervisor of the accommodation department for utilizing the opportunity available (Skills Future, 2016). Critical thinking: This skill helps the supervisor to take decisions and solving the issues faced by the team and department. Critical thinking will help the supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel to resolve the issues arising at the workplace. Critical thinking will help the supervisor in developing a collaborative environment for working as a team for resolving the issues (Kavita Sharma, 2011). Management skills: supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel need to manage the time, teams and priority of the tasks for effective execution of the operations of the accommodation department. It is the responsibility of the supervisor to manage the human resource of the hotel as well as other resources. Problem-solving and conflict resolution: problems may arise at the workplace or conflicts may arise among the employee. These conflicts need to be dealt in an effective manner. Different issues or problems may arise at the workplace which needs to be dealt with proper technique. Conflicts may arise between the employees and a supervisor need to deal with these conflicts by being neutral (Marc, et. al., 2014). Leadership skills: leadership skills will help the supervisor to maintain the team spirit. It will help in leading and guiding the efforts of the individual towards the right path. Leadership skills will enhance the performance of the employees of the Courthouse Hotel. A supervisor needs to be a good leader for ensuring that the employees are acting as a team and focusing towards the attainment of the common objective (Sturken, 2012). Delegation: delegation is delegating the tasks to the other employees with a motive to develop them as well as enhance the satisfaction level among the employees. A delegation of the tasks will help in reducing the burden of the supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel as well as help in focusing on the important areas (Colleen, 2011). Motivational techniques for enhancing the performance of the team Motivation is required for boosting the morale of the employees and attaining the objectives of the business. Motivation results in an increase in the performance of the individual which contributes towards the overall performance of the business. Motivational techniques can be applied by the Courthouse Hotel for the attainment of the objectives by enhancing the performance of the team. Motivational techniques which can be used by the Courthouse Hotel for improving the performance of the team are discussed below: Setting clear goals and measuring performance: goals can be set for the identification of the targets which team has to achieve. Setting team goals will promote teamwork and performance of the team can be measured against the goals set. Team goals will help the Hotel in promoting healthy relationship among the employees. Rewards and incentives: rewards and incentives can be offered to the team for meeting the targets set by the company. The Courthouse hotel can adopt this technique for encouraging the employees for performing well. Monetary benefits will motivate the employees for performing better (Barbosa-McCoy, et. al., 2016). Providing feedbacks: feedbacks can be provided by the hotel to its employees regarding their performance. These feedbacks will help the employees in improving the areas they are lacking in. Feedbacks need to be provided at regular intervals for implementing the new business strategy for gaining the opportunity. Employee engagement: employees of the Courthouse Hotel need to be engaged in the decision-making This step of the hotel will motivate the employees for performing well and accomplishing the objectives of the hotel. Engaging the employees in the operations and decision-making process will reduce the burden on supervisor as well as help in making quick decisions (Rein, 2012). Cross training programs: cross-training programs will help in developing the skills and knowledge of the employees. This training program will prepare the individual for performing different roles which will improve the performance of the team. This will help in performing the different jobs effectively. This will contribute towards the development of skills as well as prepare the employees for better opportunities. Providing opportunities: opportunities can be provided by the Courthouse Hotel to its employees which will help in enhancing their performance as well as promotes coordination among the team. Better opportunities for growth chances will boost the morale of the employees (Palmer Jennifer, 2011). Identification of factors affecting satisfaction level of the employees: motivational theories can be applied for the identification of factors affecting the satisfaction level as well as the performance of the employees. Herzberg's two-factor theory can be applied by the Courthouse Hotel for analyzing the factors which will affect the satisfaction level and performance of the team. The Courthouse Hotel can apply this motivational theory for the purpose of factors promoting satisfaction level and factors decreasing satisfaction level of the employees (Johnson, 2013). Quality plays a vital role which helps in attracting the customers towards the hotel and increasing the sales of the business. Impact of the issues faced by accommodation department can be seen on the reputation of the hotel, sales of the hotel and satisfaction level of the customers. These issues need to be resolved for grabbing the opportunity available to the Courthouse Hotel. The supervisor needs to apply the skills possessed for coping with the issues faced by the accommodation department of the hotel. Motivational techniques have been discussed which will contribute towards the performance of the team. For the purpose of grabbing the opportunity available, the Courthouse Hotel need to ensure that the new business strategy is implemented in an effective manner. Implementation of the new business strategy will enhance the quality of the services offered in the hotel. This opportunity will help the hotel in promoting it and increasing the sales of the business. Issues are being faced by the different departments of the hotel which need to be dealt in a proper manner. The management is concerned that the hotel will not be able to match up with the required standard of service. For this purpose, actions need to be taken by the supervisor of the hotel for coping with the adverse situation. These actions will be discussed in this report along with the recommended actions for the supervisors for implementing the required changes in the Hotel. Actions which supervisor could take for dealing with the situation Supervisor of the Courthouse Hotel needs to take actions for coping with the adverse situation as this can create a negative impact on the reputation of the business. Actions which supervisor can take for matching with the required standard of service are stated below: Reviewing the process on regular intervals: the process of the change implementation needs to be reviewed on regular basis for making sure that the process is moving according to the plans. This review process will help the supervisor to bring the change implementation process on track. Regular checks need to be kept by the review team for generating the desired outcome. The supervisor can provide regular updates to the team related to the change management process (Sturken, 2012). Forming teams and allocating group tasks: teams need to be formed for performing the different tasks effectively. These teams will be given team tasks which need to be performed by supporting and coordinating with each other. Teams need to be formed according to the different departments of the hotel. These teams will be responsible for performing the task in the best possible manner for dealing with the increasing issues and improving the performance of the hotel. The supervisor needs to analyze the effectiveness of the team in performing the roles assigned to them. Teams will be formulated by the supervisor as a supervisor is aware of the skills and knowledge of every employee (Lam, 2011). Forming a review team: a review team will be responsible for reviewing the performance of the change for ensuring that the standard of service is matched. This team will be responsible for the review of the implementation process of the change. Failure of the plan can adversely affect the performance and reputation of the business. Review team needs to include the experts or management so as to exercise control over the process and identifying the issues affecting the decision of change. The supervisor needs to suggest this to the management as management will take the decision regarding the formation of the review team (Sturman Ford, 2011) Recommended actions for supervisors for the implementation of the required change During the implementation of the required change, various issues can be faced by the supervisor which needs to be overcome. Few actions have been recommended which can be adopted by the supervisor for implementing the required change in the Courthouse Hotel. These actions are discussed below: Gaining the support of the employees: one of the important aspects which supervisor must consider is gaining the support of the employees of the hotel. Different jobs are performed by the employees. Change management is a huge process and for the implementation of this process, support is required from the employees. Employees will coordinate with the supervisor for implementing the change and moving in the right direction (Youngsoo Duncan, 2009). Delegating the tasks to employees: tasks need to be delegated to the employees for the purpose of ensuring that employees are involved in the implementation of the change. Employees perform the tasks of the business and employees need to be engaged in the change implementation process. The supervisors of the Courthouse Hotel need to delegate the process of change management for ensuring that every individual is supporting the change management process. Management of the resistance to change: resistance may be faced by the hotel on the part of the employees as employees may fear of the change which hotel is planning to implement. The supervisor needs to make the employees aware of the objective which needs to be attained by the implementation of the change. The supervisor can use strategies for the management of the resistance to change. These strategies include collaboration with the employees, providing training to the employees and making the employees informed (Enz, 2011). Monitoring the process of implementation of change: implementation process of the change should be monitored at regular intervals for ensuring that new business strategy is implemented by the Courthouse Hotel in an effective manner. This will ensure that the change is implemented properly for gaining the advantage of the opportunity available to the hotel (Gill, et. al., 2010). Effective communication process: communication process plays a vital role as there is a need to adopt an effective communication process for ensuring the flow of information in an effective manner. Plans need to be communicated to the employees for making them aware of the objective behind the change which hotel is planning to implement (Gutirrez, et. al., 2015). Conclusion The Courthouse hotel has planned for the implementation of a new business strategy for taking an advantage of the opportunity. Management of the hotel is concerned regarding the attainment of the required standard of service for enhancing the performance of the hotel. The supervisor needs to take actions for the purpose of providing support to the decision of the hotel. For dealing with this concern of the management, the supervisor needs to review the process on regular intervals for ensuring that the set standard of service is met, forming teams for allocating tasks to the team and forming a review team. Few recommended actions for the supervisor of the hotel have been provided for the purpose of ensuring the successful implementation of the change. This process of change management may get affected by various factors. References Aryee, S., 2011, Hotel Maintenance Management, KTH Architecture and the Build Environment. Barbosa-McCoy, V., Peter, A. Judith, B., 2016, Hotel Managers' Motivational Strategies for Enhancing Employee Performance,Hotel Managers' Motivational Strategies for Enhancing Employee Performance. Colleen, S., 2011. Executive coach: Cleveland State University basketball coach Gary Waters has turned around the once woeful program with a dynamic mix of business savvy, talent evaluation, leadership training and motivational techniques. Here are just a few of his lessons from the hard court,Inside Business, 13(2), p.36. Enz, C. A., 2011, Competing successfully with other hotels: The role of strategy, School of Hospitality Administration. Gill, A., Flaschner, A. B. Bhutani, S., 2010, The impact of transformational leadership and empowerment on employee job stressBusiness and Economics Journal. Gutirrez, I., Alcaraz, J.M., Susaeta, L., Surez, E. Pin, J. R., 2015, Managing Sustainability for Competitive Advantage: Evidence From The Hospitality Industry, IESE Business School. Guttentag, D., 2015, Airbnb: disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector, Current Issues in Tourism, 18:12, pp. 1192-1217. Johnson, S., 2013, Maintenance Training? Show Me the Money,Plastics Technology, 59(1), pp.1920. Kavita, K. Sharma, P., 2011, Gap Analysis of Skills Provided in Hotel Management Education with Respect to Skills Required in the Hospitality Industry: The Indian Scenario,International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems, 4(1), pp.3151. Lam, C., 2011, Frontline Employees' Informal Learning and Customer Relationship Skills in Macao Casinos: An Empirical Study,UNLV Gaming Research Review Journal, 15(2), pp.3557. Marc, C., Dimeny, J. M. Osvat, C., 2014, The Social Work Supervisor: Skills, Roles, Responsibilities, Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Bra?ov Series VII: Social Sciences Law, Vol. 7 (56), No. 1. Palmer, W. Jennifer, E., 2011, For 'high touch' service: an exploratory study on the use of incentives in Jamaica's hotel industry/Para un servicio de "High Touch": un estudio exploratorio sobre el uso de incentivos en la Industria Hotelera de Jamaica/Pour un service 'High Touch': etude exploratoire de L'usage des primes dans le Secteur Hotelier de la Jamaique.(Report).,Social and Economic Studies, 60(2), pp.167197. Rein, L., 2012, NOAA Pulls Ad for Magician to Motivate Employees at Leadership Event.(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration),The Washington Post. Sage Publications, 2012, Accommodation, Lodging and Facilities Management, Sage Publications. Sampson, W. G. Akyeampong, O., 2014, Work-related Stress in Hotels: An Analysis of the Causes and Effects among Frontline Hotel Employees in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana, Tourism and Hospitality, Volume 3, Issue 2. Skills Future, 2016, Skills Framework for Hotel and Accommodation Services Skills Standards for Front Office Manager/Operations Manager, Skills Future. Sturken, C., 2012, Stepping up security: how hotels have intensified their efforts to keep guests and staff safe. (Special Issue: Working With Hotels),Meetings Conventions, 47(5), p.29. Sturman, M. C. Ford, R., 2011, Motivating your staff to provide outstanding service, School of Hospitality Administration. Youngsoo, C. Duncan, R. D., 2009, A Case Study into the Benefits of Management Training Programs: Impacts on Hotel Employee Turnover and Satisfaction Level, Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality Tourism, 9:1, 103-116. Zhao, W. J. Jing, W., 2009, Issues, Challenges, and Trends, that Facing Hospitality Industry, Management Science and Engineering, Vol.3 No.4.